Drone <250g (CO2) vs larger drones: what really changes (Portugal/EU)

Drone <250g (CO2) vs larger drones: what really changes (Portugal/EU)

Weight is important, but in 2026 the "game" is: weight + class (C0–C4) + subcategory (A1/A2/A3) .

1) EU requirement from 1 January 2024: class C0–C4 or “legacy”

EASA explains that, in the Open category , operations must be carried out using drones:

  • with a class label C0 to C4 , or

  • built by the owner (privately built), or

  • Classless only if it was placed on the market before 12/31/2023 (“legacy”).

2) Is food under 250g "easier"? Yes, but it's not "rule-free".

  • Drones weighing less than 250g (often class C0 ) tend to be more flexible in Open mode (depending on the operation), and are therefore favorites for travel and beginners.

  • However , in Portugal, operator registration may be required even if the weight is <250g if it has a camera/microphone (sensor) or if it exceeds 80J in impact.

3) A1/A2/A3: what changes in practice (example A3)

EASA describes typical A3 restrictions, such as:

  • Do not fly over uninvolved people;

  • Maintain a horizontal distance (e.g., 150 m) from uninvolved people and urban areas;

  • maintain altitude below 120 m AGL.

(The exact conditions depend on your drone/class and type of operation, but the point is: larger drones tend to push you into more restrictive scenarios.)

4) Training: why larger drones require more resources

  • For A1/A3 licenses, ANAC offers online training/exams.

  • For A2 (and some scenarios), ANAC recommends an in-person exam.

5) Quick Buying Guide by Profile

Choose <250g (C0) if:

  • You want a drone for travel, casual use, and less logistical stress;

  • You want a drone that is more discreet and easier to transport;

  • You accept performance limitations (wind and cinematic "look" may be less pronounced vs. larger drones).

Choose >250g if:

  • You want better wind stability, a better camera/gimbal, and more advanced sensors;

  • You make more "serious" videos and need more control.

FAQ

If the drone weighs less than 250g, do I need to register the operator in Portugal?
This may be necessary if it has a sensor that captures personal data (e.g., camera/microphone) or if it could exceed 80J in impact.

What are classless "legacy" drones?
EASA indicates that drones without a class marking can only operate in the Open Classification if they were placed on the market before 12/31/2023, within the transition conditions.