Robots for pool cleaning and pool vacuums: how to choose

Robots for pool cleaning and pool vacuums: how to choose in Portugal

Anyone who owns a pool knows: the water can be "crystal clear," but all it takes is sand, leaves, pollen, and biofilm for the bottom and walls to become dirty. And that's where two groups of products that people search for on Google with the intention to buy come in:

  • Pool cleaning robot / pool cleaner robot / pool cleaning robot

  • Pool vacuum cleaner / bottom cleaner / vacuum cleaner, manual or battery operated

The right choice depends on 5 main variables:

  1. Type of pool (in-ground vs. above-ground)

  2. Area and shape (m², length, steps, corners)

  3. Coating (liner, mosaic, fiber, painted concrete)

  4. Type of dirt (large leaves vs. fine dust)

  5. How much do you want to automate (zero effort vs. "I'll do it when I need to")

This guide provides a simple path to making informed and successful purchases in Portugal.

Quick decision (in 30 seconds)

Choose an electric robot (wired or battery-powered) if…

  • You want automatic and consistent cleaning (bottom + walls + waterline, as per model);

  • You want to reduce weekly maintenance time.

You choose a "hydraulic" suction vacuum cleaner (it connects to the skimmer) if…

  • You want a more economical automated solution and you already have a pump/filtration system sized accordingly;

  • You accept that the dirt will go into the filtration system.

Choose a pressure system (with booster) if…

  • You have a lot of papers and want to "push" the cleaning with dedicated pressure;

  • You accept a more complex installation (and extra cost).

Choose between a handheld or battery-powered vacuum cleaner if…

  • You need spot cleaning (stairs, corners, small pools);

  • You want something cheap and quick to use when needed.

1) Types of cleaning: electric robot vs. pool vacuums

A) Electric robot (the "top" in autonomy)

The electric robot is independent of the filtration system: it normally enters the water, cycles, and collects dirt in its own basket/filter. The advantage is that it doesn't "steal" power from the pool pump.

What to choose among the robots

  • Bottom only : for simple pools and basic maintenance.

  • Background + walls : for best weekly results

  • Background + walls + waterline : for those who want a more complete finish.

Essential safety (not optional)

Several manufacturers recommend:

  • The power supply unit is located away from the pool and away from standing water;

  • Do not enter the pool while the robot is working ;

  • Connect the outlet with differential protection (RCD/GFCI).

Practical tip: when shopping online, give preference to stores that offer manuals/FAQs and clear instructions (it's a good sign of compliance and support).

B) Hydraulic suction vacuum cleaner (connected to the skimmer or suction outlet)

This type is very common because it is simple and tends to be more affordable. Instead of having its own motor, it uses the suction of the existing pump and filter . Some models connect directly to the skimmer or to a dedicated line.

Advantages

  • price usually lower

  • simple installation

  • Good for frequent maintenance.

Attention

  • The dirt goes into your filtration system (may require more frequent filter cleanings).

  • It needs adequate airflow/suction to function properly.

  • It can reduce the effectiveness of skimming if it is not properly balanced.

C) Pressure-side vacuum cleaner + booster pump

Here, the cleaning is "pushed" by pressure, often with an auxiliary pump (booster) , depending on the system. Booster pump manuals for pressure cleaners include safety and installation instructions (including connections/equipotential bonding/bonding in pool environments).

When it makes sense

  • pools with a lot of larger debris (leaves)

  • installations already prepared for this type of circuit

When you don't do

  • If you want "plug and play" without messing with plumbing/installation

D) Handheld vacuum cleaner (head + hose + telescopic wand) and battery-powered vacuum cleaner

The manual remains unbeatable for:

  • steps

  • difficult corners

  • Spot cleaning after wind/rain

Normally, it works by suction from the system: the hose is connected to the skimmer (or suction plate) and the pump pulls the dirt out.

The battery-powered handheld (when available in the line) is great for small pools and for "effortless maintenance," but always check: battery life, filter type, and tank capacity.

2) How to size the purchase for your pool

1) Area and shape (m² / meters)

  • Small and simple pools: a manual vacuum or suction can be used.

  • Medium/large pools: electric robot often compensates in terms of speed and consistency.

  • Complex layouts (many corners, steps, islands): looking for robots with good navigation and wall/waterline coverage.

2) Coating (adhesion and brushes)

  • Liner/fiber : you need suitable brushes/traction (so it doesn't slip)

  • Mosaic/concrete : usually good adhesion, but watch out for fine dirt and biofilm.

Simple rule: the smoother the coating, the more important the traction/brush quality.

3) Type of dirt

  • Large leaves and debris → larger capacity bins with good collection.

  • Fine sand/dust → finer filtration (microns) and regular cycles

3) What to look for on the product information sheet (purchase checklist)

For electric robots

  • Coverage : bottom / walls / waterline

  • Cable length (or battery life if cordless)

  • Basket/filter : easy to remove and wash.

  • Cycle and schedule (if you want to "set and forget")

  • Weight : you will be taking it out of the water frequently.

  • Warranty and support in Portugal/EU (very important)

Safety : Confirms manufacturer's recommendations regarding distance from power source and not to use with people in the water.

For suction (skimmer)

  • Compatibility: connects to the skimmer or dedicated line (many connect to the skimmer).

  • Minimum flow rate required (if your pump is weak, it may not perform well).

  • Can your filter handle the extra dirt? (you'll have to clean it more often)

For pressure + booster

  • Check if you need a booster pump and what the installation/safety requirements are.

For manual

  • Head suitable for the coating + hose of sufficient length

  • Connection to the skimmer/plate and usage procedure (fill the hose to remove air).

4) Security and compliance (Portugal/EU): the minimum you should require

CE and applicable directives

Electrical equipment placed on the EU market must meet safety requirements and bear the CE marking where applicable. The Low Voltage Directive (2014/35/EU) is one of the cornerstones for the safety of electrical equipment within voltage limits.
In Portugal, ASAE explains the meaning of the CE marking as a declaration of conformity with applicable requirements.

RCD (differential) near water: strong recommendation

In the context of swimming pools, the European Commission has technical data sheets that refer to the use of 30 mA RCDs as part of safety solutions for equipment/devices in pool environments.
Robot manufacturers recommend connecting to a power outlet protected by a differential device (RCD/GFCI) and keeping the power source away from water.

If you have doubts about your electrical installation, it's worth talking to an electrician — water and electricity are not places for improvisation.

5) Maintenance: how to keep your robot/vacuum cleaner working for years

Robots

  • Wash the basket/filter after cycles (especially after wind/leaves).

  • Check brushes and rollers (hair and threads get tangled).

  • Store the power supply unit in a dry and protected place.

Suction / pressure

  • Clean the skimmer baskets and pump pre-filter.

  • Check hoses (air leaks reduce effectiveness).

  • Adjust the valves to maintain adequate suction when the vacuum cleaner is on.

Manual

  • Rinse and dry the hose.

  • Store the head without deforming the brushes/rubber pads.

FAQ

What is the best robotic pool cleaner for those who don't want to do the work?
An electric robot that cleans floors and walls (and ideally, the waterline), with an easy-to-clean basket and scheduling.

Can I be in the pool while the robot is working?
Manufacturers' safety recommendation is to not enter the pool while the robot is operating and to keep the feeding unit away.

Is a vacuum cleaner with a suction (skimmer) worth it?
It's worthwhile if you want to automate your system while spending less, and if your pump/filtration system can handle it. Many people connect it to the skimmer and use the existing filtration system.

For stairs and corners, what works best?
A handheld vacuum cleaner (or battery-operated handheld vacuum cleaner) is ideal because you can "point" exactly where the dirt is.

What should I check for security when making a purchase?
CE marking, clear manufacturer instructions and, during installation, use of differential protective equipment (RCD) in accordance with best practices in a swimming pool environment.